tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-52233432011327511902024-03-05T01:54:11.284-08:00Social Responsibility for EveryoneUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger5125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5223343201132751190.post-456221873223616712010-08-26T03:48:00.000-07:002010-08-26T03:48:03.043-07:00Social Entrepreneurship Visit to UK<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"></meta><meta content="Word.Document" name="ProgId"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 12" name="Generator"></meta><meta content="Microsoft Word 12" name="Originator"></meta><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CMr.Ari%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CMr.Ari%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_editdata.mso" rel="Edit-Time-Data"></link><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CMr.Ari%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_themedata.thmx" rel="themeData"></link><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CMr.Ari%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_colorschememapping.xml" rel="colorSchemeMapping"></link> <m:smallfrac m:val="off"> <m:dispdef> <m:lmargin m:val="0"> <m:rmargin m:val="0"> <m:defjc m:val="centerGroup"> <m:wrapindent m:val="1440"> <m:intlim m:val="subSup"> <m:narylim m:val="undOvr"> </m:narylim></m:intlim> </m:wrapindent><style>
<!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:Wingdings;
panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0;
mso-font-charset:2;
mso-generic-font-family:auto;
mso-font-pitch:variable;
mso-font-signature:0 268435456 0 0 -2147483648 0;}
@font-face
{font-family:"Cambria Math";
panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;
mso-font-charset:0;
mso-generic-font-family:roman;
mso-font-pitch:variable;
mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1107304683 0 0 159 0;}
@font-face
{font-family:Cambria;
panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;
mso-font-charset:0;
mso-generic-font-family:roman;
mso-font-pitch:variable;
mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1073741899 0 0 159 0;}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri;
panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;
mso-font-charset:0;
mso-generic-font-family:swiss;
mso-font-pitch:variable;
mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1073750139 0 0 159 0;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
margin-top:0in;
margin-right:0in;
margin-bottom:10.0pt;
margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
h1
{mso-style-priority:9;
mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-link:"Heading 1 Char";
mso-style-next:Normal;
margin-top:24.0pt;
margin-right:0in;
margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan lines-together;
page-break-after:avoid;
mso-outline-level:1;
font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:major-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;
color:#365F91;
mso-themecolor:accent1;
mso-themeshade:191;
mso-font-kerning:0pt;}
p.MsoTitle, li.MsoTitle, div.MsoTitle
{mso-style-priority:10;
mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-link:"Title Char";
mso-style-next:Normal;
margin-top:0in;
margin-right:0in;
margin-bottom:15.0pt;
margin-left:0in;
mso-add-space:auto;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
border:none;
mso-border-bottom-alt:solid #4F81BD 1.0pt;
mso-border-bottom-themecolor:accent1;
padding:0in;
mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 4.0pt 0in;
font-size:26.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:major-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;
color:#17365D;
mso-themecolor:text2;
mso-themeshade:191;
letter-spacing:.25pt;
mso-font-kerning:14.0pt;}
p.MsoTitleCxSpFirst, li.MsoTitleCxSpFirst, div.MsoTitleCxSpFirst
{mso-style-priority:10;
mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-link:"Title Char";
mso-style-next:Normal;
mso-style-type:export-only;
margin:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-add-space:auto;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
border:none;
mso-border-bottom-alt:solid #4F81BD 1.0pt;
mso-border-bottom-themecolor:accent1;
padding:0in;
mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 4.0pt 0in;
font-size:26.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:major-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;
color:#17365D;
mso-themecolor:text2;
mso-themeshade:191;
letter-spacing:.25pt;
mso-font-kerning:14.0pt;}
p.MsoTitleCxSpMiddle, li.MsoTitleCxSpMiddle, div.MsoTitleCxSpMiddle
{mso-style-priority:10;
mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-link:"Title Char";
mso-style-next:Normal;
mso-style-type:export-only;
margin:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-add-space:auto;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
border:none;
mso-border-bottom-alt:solid #4F81BD 1.0pt;
mso-border-bottom-themecolor:accent1;
padding:0in;
mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 4.0pt 0in;
font-size:26.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:major-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;
color:#17365D;
mso-themecolor:text2;
mso-themeshade:191;
letter-spacing:.25pt;
mso-font-kerning:14.0pt;}
p.MsoTitleCxSpLast, li.MsoTitleCxSpLast, div.MsoTitleCxSpLast
{mso-style-priority:10;
mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-link:"Title Char";
mso-style-next:Normal;
mso-style-type:export-only;
margin-top:0in;
margin-right:0in;
margin-bottom:15.0pt;
margin-left:0in;
mso-add-space:auto;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
border:none;
mso-border-bottom-alt:solid #4F81BD 1.0pt;
mso-border-bottom-themecolor:accent1;
padding:0in;
mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 4.0pt 0in;
font-size:26.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:major-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;
color:#17365D;
mso-themecolor:text2;
mso-themeshade:191;
letter-spacing:.25pt;
mso-font-kerning:14.0pt;}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:blue;
mso-themecolor:hyperlink;
text-decoration:underline;
text-underline:single;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
{mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
color:purple;
mso-themecolor:followedhyperlink;
text-decoration:underline;
text-underline:single;}
p.MsoListParagraph, li.MsoListParagraph, div.MsoListParagraph
{mso-style-priority:34;
mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
margin-top:0in;
margin-right:0in;
margin-bottom:10.0pt;
margin-left:.5in;
mso-add-space:auto;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
p.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst
{mso-style-priority:34;
mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-type:export-only;
margin-top:0in;
margin-right:0in;
margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-add-space:auto;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
p.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle
{mso-style-priority:34;
mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-type:export-only;
margin-top:0in;
margin-right:0in;
margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-add-space:auto;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
p.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast
{mso-style-priority:34;
mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-type:export-only;
margin-top:0in;
margin-right:0in;
margin-bottom:10.0pt;
margin-left:.5in;
mso-add-space:auto;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
span.Heading1Char
{mso-style-name:"Heading 1 Char";
mso-style-priority:9;
mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-style-locked:yes;
mso-style-link:"Heading 1";
mso-ansi-font-size:14.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:major-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;
color:#365F91;
mso-themecolor:accent1;
mso-themeshade:191;
font-weight:bold;}
span.TitleChar
{mso-style-name:"Title Char";
mso-style-priority:10;
mso-style-unhide:no;
mso-style-locked:yes;
mso-style-link:Title;
mso-ansi-font-size:26.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:26.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria","serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:major-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;
mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;
color:#17365D;
mso-themecolor:text2;
mso-themeshade:191;
letter-spacing:.25pt;
mso-font-kerning:14.0pt;}
.MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
mso-default-props:yes;
font-size:12.0pt;
mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;
mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
.MsoPapDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
margin-bottom:10.0pt;
line-height:115%;}
@page Section1
{size:8.5in 11.0in;
margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;
mso-header-margin:.5in;
mso-footer-margin:.5in;
mso-paper-source:0;}
div.Section1
{page:Section1;}
/* List Definitions */
@list l0
{mso-list-id:714042499;
mso-list-type:hybrid;
mso-list-template-ids:1538175220 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693 67698689 67698691 67698693;}
@list l0:level1
{mso-level-number-format:bullet;
mso-level-text:;
mso-level-tab-stop:none;
mso-level-number-position:left;
text-indent:-.25in;
font-family:Symbol;}
ol
{margin-bottom:0in;}
ul
{margin-bottom:0in;}
-->
</style></m:defjc></m:rmargin></m:lmargin></m:dispdef></m:smallfrac><br />
<h1></h1>In 20<sup>th</sup> of July 2010 with the support from the British Council, I participated in a Summer Course about Social Entrepreneurship held by Sheffield Hallam University in Sheffield, UK, led by Dr. Riddley Duff (Dr. Rory). I also had the chance to visit SUMA with Cliff Southcombe, the Managing Director of Social Enterprise Europe. SUMA is a worker cooperative in Halifax, Elland. <br />
<div class="MsoNormal"><b>Discussions in the Summer Course<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"> In the discussion it was found that roles of Third Sector Organizations (TSOs) are considered very imperative in making contribution to the development of social entrepreneurship in UK. This is due to the fact that social enterprise is categorized as TSO. In UK, Cooperative is also classified as social enterprise. </div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><v:shapetype coordsize="21600,21600" filled="f" id="_x0000_t75" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"> </v:f> <v:path gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect" o:extrusionok="f"> <o:lock aspectratio="t" v:ext="edit"> </o:lock><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_3" o:spid="_x0000_i1030" style="height: 176.25pt; visibility: visible; width: 234.75pt;" type="#_x0000_t75"> <v:imagedata o:title="SH 4" src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CMr.Ari%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image001.jpg"> </v:imagedata></v:shape></v:path></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:f></v:formulas></v:stroke></v:shapetype></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Third sector is the sector that consists of organizations that operate based on nonprofit motives but aimed predominantly for shared benefit and on voluntary basis. The non-government and nonprofit organizations as well as cooperative are some of third sector organizations (TSOs). </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">According to some participants in the summer course the cause of social enterprises to emerge is the fail of neo-liberalism to contribute to social well-being. Another cause is the limitation of private sector to seek fund and create business, hence fails to reduce unemployment. Therefore there is a gap between what have been done by the private sector and the government. As a consequence, social enterprises fill this gap. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">This is in line with Hough and Kitson (2007) who argue that the direction of social enterprise is the “The Third Way”, i.e. the combination between neo-liberalism and civil society. The path of “The Third Way” leads to addressing society needs which neither be fulfilled by the government nor the private sector. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Having said that, according to the participants the role of government in UK is still considered pivotal, that is as enabler who promotes civic activism and acknowledges the significance of engagements between voluntary and community sector then foster them.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">In UK, cooperative is categorized as social enterprise. Interestingly, some of the participants opined that cooperative as a social enterprise must also provide benefit to the community besides members. In UK the trigger for cooperative development is to help the marginalized people. However, now middle class community also starts to join cooperative albeit mainly for the reasons to get good prices for certain products, such as wine, fruits, etc.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">To a large extent, the success of a social enterprise depends on social capital. From the discussion, social capital is understood as “the glue that binds people together”. The “glue” itself consists of beliefs; tie; values; trust; sum of relationship and collective interests. In addition, “crowd-sourcing” is essential for building collaboration through collective works. It is a technique for social networking.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b>Understanding Social Enterprise<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Apparently many participants were still confused about the definition of Social Enterprise. Therefore the first important topic of discussion was the definition of social enterprise that suits our situation well.</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_4" o:spid="_x0000_i1029" style="height: 162.75pt; visibility: visible; width: 216.75pt;" type="#_x0000_t75"> <v:imagedata o:title="SH 2" src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CMr.Ari%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.jpg"> </v:imagedata></v:shape></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">I would like to highlight one understanding about social enterprise which was conveyed by Dr. Rory: Social enterprise is an entity that recognizes power; resources; and people for the benefit of people. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">Further the characteristics of a social enterprise were discussed. Some of the results are highlighted as follows:</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>A social enterprise is a value driven business practice</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>In a social enterprise democratic decisions are required</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>A social enterprise is defined by what it does rather than how it does it</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>A social enterprise is established by a group of people who come together for a common social purpose</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>Values and ethos need to surface and permeate in the whole organization</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>A social enterprise must do good and cause no harm. It is better not to limit its definition that might hinder people to do good for others</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>It is developing a social purpose and business values through involvement and participation of staffs and community</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>It is established to tackle social problems</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>It should be financially viable.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b>The legal form of a social enterprise<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">As previously mention, in UK, social enterprise is categorized as one of the TSO. Therefore the legal form of social enterprise follows TSO’s legal entities. There are six popular legal forms of the third sector in UK; which are: Company Limited by Guarantee (CLG); Community Interest Company (CIC); Company Limited by Shares (CLS); Industrial and Provident Society (IPS); Community Benefit Organisation (BENCOM); and Voluntary Organisation (Ridley-Duff 2010).</div><div class="MsoNormal"> The most popular legal form which is used mostly by a social enterprise there is CIC. It is an <span lang="EN-GB">adapted business form (can be CLG or CLS), with limited profit distribution; board dominated; and asset locked.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-GB">The visit to SUMA<o:p></o:p></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">I had the chance to visit SUMA with Cliff Southcombe and were hosted by Bob Cannel from SUMA.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">SUMA is a wholefoods wholesaling co-operative for vegetarian/organic/fair-trade foods with around 150 members who are at the same time also workers in the cooperative. Therefore, it is a worker cooperative. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLo97aa7h0_KNJjmceVF2yW0ozr_H7qKjEI-97gjOBG9q0KevfKDDqFTlI0DjCTZHv9u4jRjetPyBiDhZ9tV6An9uzk03yStlsbnUtNEJehOXo0tIzz2G1WcfstmpUYpDlLW8FWJjidJY/s1600/Suma+5.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLo97aa7h0_KNJjmceVF2yW0ozr_H7qKjEI-97gjOBG9q0KevfKDDqFTlI0DjCTZHv9u4jRjetPyBiDhZ9tV6An9uzk03yStlsbnUtNEJehOXo0tIzz2G1WcfstmpUYpDlLW8FWJjidJY/s200/Suma+5.JPG" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSuFx-Mo6XnXmaoscNarr24ebMOZ9hK20j9QClhqAlsNPCBGfssSK2nm9mmh-5iYBIGk6ugHOKLfSSeGDu29Aoodto2J-zCpMz3z_BvvCUZ-kW0paz44i-FypigX5bwfbA9nPQkE3eY5Q/s1600/Suma+4.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSuFx-Mo6XnXmaoscNarr24ebMOZ9hK20j9QClhqAlsNPCBGfssSK2nm9mmh-5iYBIGk6ugHOKLfSSeGDu29Aoodto2J-zCpMz3z_BvvCUZ-kW0paz44i-FypigX5bwfbA9nPQkE3eY5Q/s200/Suma+4.JPG" width="200" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_1" o:spid="_x0000_i1028" style="height: 155.25pt; visibility: visible; width: 207pt;" type="#_x0000_t75"> <v:imagedata o:title="Suma 6" src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CMr.Ari%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image003.jpg"> </v:imagedata></v:shape><span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% black; border: 1pt none black; color: black; font-size: 0pt; line-height: 115%; padding: 0in;"> </span><span style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% black; border: 1pt none black; color: black; font-size: 0pt; line-height: 115%; padding: 0in;"><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_6" o:spid="_x0000_i1027" style="height: 156pt; visibility: visible; width: 207.75pt;" type="#_x0000_t75"> <v:imagedata o:title="Suma 9" src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CMr.Ari%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image004.jpg"> </v:imagedata></v:shape></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"> This is a unique cooperative where there is no chief executive, no managing director and no company chairman. Their day-to-day work is carried out by self-managing teams of employees who are all paid the same wage, and who all enjoy an equal voice and an equal stake in the success of the business (<a href="http://www.suma.coop/about/cooperation/">http://www.suma.coop/about/cooperation/</a>).</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7YcWTCaD2si6Uib_8hyTVIfmAtNeS1G-ByfBkYEtyn2Z6fp8daNVMf2nsJFqs8Ks0oCMIODfJdfFG2JABFkNTsiyDFbUSdpcOoem45DBeeuv6IChcZr9pIw_DOMPG5mMe_J8s9DrkaNU/s1600/Suma+6.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7YcWTCaD2si6Uib_8hyTVIfmAtNeS1G-ByfBkYEtyn2Z6fp8daNVMf2nsJFqs8Ks0oCMIODfJdfFG2JABFkNTsiyDFbUSdpcOoem45DBeeuv6IChcZr9pIw_DOMPG5mMe_J8s9DrkaNU/s200/Suma+6.JPG" width="200" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in;"> <v:shape id="Picture_x0020_2" o:spid="_x0000_i1026" style="height: 159.75pt; visibility: visible; width: 213pt;" type="#_x0000_t75"> <v:imagedata o:title="Suma 4" src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CMr.Ari%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image005.jpg"> </v:imagedata><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_7" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" style="height: 159.75pt; visibility: visible; width: 213pt;" type="#_x0000_t75"> <v:imagedata o:title="Suma 7" src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CMr.Ari%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image006.jpg"> </v:imagedata></v:shape></v:shape></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">More interestingly, a member is given option to carry out more than one role in the working activities. For example today a member is an accountant, the next day he/she can take the role as a driver. This system provides opportunity to understand other roles and its complication while extending their skills in different tasks.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><b>My reflection<o:p></o:p></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"> This was a very important and exciting trip in my journey to understand social entrepreneurship. </div><div class="MsoNormal"> In Indonesia, there have been many social enterprises, but people are not aware that they are named social enterprise. The recognition for its existence is also lacking. This can be observed from the fact that only few financial institutions are willing to provide financial support to an entrepreneur who come with good deed in helping community but with only simple financial reports and business plans. Another fact is the difficulty to find a bank that is willing to give loan for a community logging business.</div><div class="MsoNormal"> Where in UK a social enterprise is part of TSOs, and cooperative is also one form of social enterprise, in Indonesia the term TSO not popular, rather CSO (Civil Society Organization) is commonly known. In fact, cooperative is also part of TSO in Indonesia. </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">There are several types of TSOs in Indonesia which can be categorized based on its legal entity, i.e.: Foundation (Yayasan); Association (Perkumpulan); Cooperative (Koperasi); University (Universitas); Mass Organization (Organisasi Massa) and Trade Union (Serikat Pekerja) (Radyati 2008). In actual fact, the roles of some organizations in this sector have been significant as well.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">There are many good cooperatives that are able to help reduce poverty, such as Credit Unions under INKOPDIT and tanggung-renteng women cooperative under coordination of INKOWAN. Other organizations such as association business people of “Tangan di atas” and PUPUK also plays significant roles. They encourage its members to develop their business and enhance their business capabilities through capacity building activities and social network.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span lang="EN-GB">The motives of establishing a social enterprise in UK is similar to those in Indonesia, where many social entrepreneur such as Onte, Tri Mumpuni, Bambang Ismawan, etc also started their social enterprises based on good deeds and social concern for others. The social enterprises that they established have been able to help enhancing economic capacity of communities.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span lang="EN-GB">Looking at the success of Indonesia’s social enterprises, then we should be optimistic that this can become a means to achieve social justice. Encouraging the growth and development of social enterprise is to achieve principle no. 5 of our ideology, Pancasila, i.e.: Social Justice for all of the people of Indonesia. <o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span lang="EN-GB">The development of social enterprises in Indonesia can be boosted by the support from the private sector and government. The support from companies can be started from the primary communities that surrounding their manufacturing complex. Government can also provide encouragement for example by giving tax incentives to social enterprises and companies that provide support to them. In addition, government must facilitate the collaborations between private sector and third sector by for instance holding regular roundtable discussions and formal forums to open business collaborations. </span><b> </b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b>Prepared for Lecture at MM-CSR Trisakti University (USAKTI) 14 August 2010</b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5223343201132751190.post-90509086523504273212009-12-21T15:56:00.000-08:002009-12-21T15:56:00.451-08:00CSR Bukan Sekadar Promosi<span class="text"><b><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="line-height: 17px;font-size:14px;" ><span style="font-size:100%;">CSR Buk</span><span style="font-size:100%;">an Sekadar Promosi<br /></span><br /></span></span></b></span><span class="text"><span style="font-size:78%;"><span style="line-height: 13px;font-size:10px;" ><span style="font-size:85%;">Sumber: http://www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0609/01/teropong/2921326.htm</span><br /><br /><br /></span></span></span><span class="text"><span style="line-height: 15px;font-size:100%;" >Kisah sukses bisnis produsen kosmetik The Body Shop tak lain adalah kisah sukses entitas bisnis untuk membangun kepercayaan publik melalui implementasi tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan.<br /><br />Didirikan tahun 1976 di Inggris, The Body Shop kini melayani lebih dari 77 juta pelanggan di 55 negara.<br />Survei yang dilakukan Booth-Harris Trust Monitor (2001) menunjukkan mayoritas konsumen akan meninggalkan suatu produk yang mempunyai citra buruk atau diberitakan negatif.<br /><br />Pelaksanaan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan (corporate social responsibility/CSR) berupa kegiatan filantropi dan pengembangan komunitas, umumnya dikemas untuk mengupayakan citra positif alias promosi.<br /><br />Lebih jauh dari sekadar promosi, semakin berkembang pula pandangan bahwa keunggulan bersaing bisa dihasilkan<br />dengan memadukan berbagai pertimbangan sosial dan lingkungan dalam strategi bisnis.<br /><br />Philip Kotler dan Nancy Kotler dalam Corporate Social Responsibility, Doing the Most Good for Your Company and Your Cause (2005), secara praktis menunjukkan, bagaimana perusahaan memaksimalkan tingkat pengembalian investasi melalui sejumlah kegiatan dan inisiatif sosial yang berdampak positif bagi masyarakat dan lingkungannya.<br /><br />Akan tetapi, Maria Nindita Radyati, kandidat doktor pada University of Technology Sydney yang sedang mendalami CSR mengingatkan, tujuan akhir pelaksanaan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan adalah menempatkan entitas bisnis dalam upaya pembangunan berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu, tanggung jawab sosial itu seharusnya menginternalisasi pada semua bagian kerja pada suatu pekerjaan.<br /><br />"CSR itu seharusnya merupakan keputusan strategis perusahaan sejak awal dari mendesain produk yang ramah lingkungan, hingga pemasaran, dan pengolahan limbah. Selain itu, secara eksternal CSR juga memastikan jangan sampai perusahaan justru mengurangi kesejahteraan masyarakat di lingkungan sekitarnya," ujar Nindita.<br /><br />Artinya, pelaksanaan tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan perlu diupayakan di lingkungan internal dan eksternal. Pada lingkungan internal, perusahaan misalnya bertanggung jawab untuk menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang sehat, memerhatikan kesejahteraan karyawan, serta menjalankan manajemen yang beretika.<br /><br />Terkait pelaksanaan CSR pada lingkungan eksternal perusahaan, Konosuke Matsushita, pendiri Matsushita Electric, mengemukakan, perusahaan yang mengolah sumber daya alam maupun sumber daya manusia pada hakikatnya adalah milik publik serta bertanggung jawab untuk memberi manfaat pada masyarakat.<br /><br />Pelaku bisnis membutuhkan dukungan lingkungannya. Oleh karena itu, sikap responsif terhadap kebutuhan lingkungan menjadi keharusan. Selain tuntutan lingkungan yang tertera pada regulasi, tidak bisa diabaikan pula tuntutan lingkungan yang tidak secara langsung disebutkan dalam peraturan publik.<br /><br /></span><span style="font-size:100%;"><b><span style="line-height: 15px;">Tergantung pada lingkungan<br /><br /></span></b></span><span style="line-height: 15px;font-size:100%;" >Meluasnya tuntutan publik serta menguatnya kesadaran pelaku usaha untuk menjalankan CSR, antara lain, tampak pada dibentuknya World Business Council for Suistainable Development (WBCSD).<br /><br />Sebanyak 180 perusahaan internasional dari 35 negara berkoalisi dalam organisasi itu. Perusahaan-perusahaan ini bergabung dengan komitmen mencapai pembangunan berkelanjutan, melalui pertumbuhan ekonomi, keseimbangan ekologi, dan kemajuan sosial.<br /><br />Albert Fry yang pernah menjadi salah seorang manajer pada WBCSD menyatakan, pada dasarnya musuh terbesar bagi lingkungan adalah kemiskinan.<br /><br />Jika pada suatu kawasan yang kaya sumber daya alam, beroperasi perusahaan internasional yang meraup keuntungan besar, tetapi masyarakat di lingkungan sekitarnya didera kemiskinan, tentu terjadi ketidakadilan sosial yang perlu diluruskan. Ironi demikian juga terjadi pada beberapa kawasan kaya sumber daya alam di Indonesia, seperti Papua dan<br />Kalimantan.<br /><br />Nindita berpendapat, untuk menciptakan keadilan sosial, dibutuhkan kerja sama antara perusahaan, pemerintah, dan komunitas yang mencakup masyarakat dan organisasi nonpemerintah. Pertanyaannya, di kawasan-kawasan kaya negeri ini yang rakyatnya miskin itu, bisakah perusahaan, pemerintah, dan komunitas bekerja sama sebagai mitra yang dapat<br />saling memercayai?<br /><br />Mengutip laporan penelitian terbaru pada Journal Compilation, terbitan Blackwell Publishing, Mei 2006, Nindita menjelaskan, aktivitas CSR di Inggris dinilai jauh lebih maju dibandingkan kegiatan serupa di Amerika Serikat. Inggris memberlakukan aturan yang lebih jelas untuk melakukan pelaporan kegiatan CSR. Tidak demikian halnya dengan Amerika Serikat.<br /><br />Penelitian itu menunjukkan, kesadaran perusahaan-perusahaan di Inggris untuk melakukan CSR lebih terdorong karena kontrol aktif dari para pemangku kepentingan yakni karyawan, pimpinan manajemen, pemilik perusahaan, konsumen, pemerintah, lembaga nonpemerintah, dan perguruan tinggi.<br /><br />Para pemegang saham, misalnya, meyakini keunggulan kompetitif untuk berinvestasi pada perusahaan yang aktif menjalankan kegiatan CSR, sedangkan pimpinan manajemen terdorong oleh norma etika bisnis.<br /><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">Di Indonesia </span><br /><br />Bagaimana tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan-perusahaan di Indonesia? Kerusakan lingkungan terus-menerus meluas di negeri ini, kemiskinan, dan pengangguran terus bertambah. Kemelut tersebut menjadi tantangan bersama yang harus dijawab pemerintah, pelaku bisnis, dan masyarakat.<br /><br />Ernst & Young meyakini, prinsip-prinsip kewirausahaan yang membuat pelaku usaha mampu mengatasi kerumitan prosedur birokrasi dan berkelit dari tekanan dan tantangan pasar seharusnya dapat diaplikasikan untuk mengatasi masalah-masalah sosial.<br /><br />Uniknya, sepanjang penyelenggaraan program penghargaan Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year, komitmen terhadap perbaikan lingkungan sosial diidentifikasi sebagai karakter yang menonjol pada pengusaha-pengusaha sukses di berbagai negara.<br /><br />Oleh karena itu, mulai tahun ini Ernst & Young menambahkan satu kategori dalam program penghargaannya, yakni Social Entrepreneur of the Year. Tentu saja tujuannya untuk mendorong para pengusaha untuk berlomba-lomba dengan komitmen penuh untuk melaksanakan tanggung jawab sosialnya.<br /><br />Akan tetapi, potensi dunia bisnis untuk menjalankan perubahan sosial melalui pelaksanaan tanggung jawab sosial tidak dapat tercapai optimal jika aturan tidak ditegakkan, bahkan oleh penegak hukum. Kemitraan antara pemerintah, dunia usaha, dan komunitas hanya dapat berjalan jika ada kepercayaan dan sikap keterbukaan.(Nur Hidayati)<br /><br /></span><span style="font-size:78%;"><span style="line-height: 13px;font-size:10px;" ><br /></span></span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5223343201132751190.post-80362681345187815542009-12-20T19:57:00.001-08:002009-12-20T19:57:52.050-08:00CSR directive to favor firms<h1>CSR directive to favor firms</h1> <p class="info"> <strong>The Jakarta Post</strong> , Jakarta | Thu, 12/10/2009 1:19 PM | Business </p> <p>A planned regulation on CSR is likely to side with businesses, with the government’s earlier intention to cap minimum CSR funding and manage its implementation being wiped from the draft.</p><p>Maria Radyati, a lecturer from Trisakti University who is also a member of a team drafting an implementing regulation for Article 74 of the 2007 Corporate Law, on Wednesday said there would not be a cap on the minimum corporate social responsibility (CSR) allocations of companies since “this would be disastrous.”</p><p>“When the law was enacted, companies already had unscrupulous people standing on their doorsteps, citing the law and asking for CSR funding.</p><p>“If the implementing regulations were to mention a figure or a percentage for CSR funding, these people would have even more power to do those things,” Maria said Wednesday during a telephone interview.</p><p>The law stipulates that companies whose operations deal with natural resources are obliged to implement CSR and environment protection programs. </p><p>It also says spending on the programs should be properly and appropriately calculated and budgeted as company costs.</p><p>Two years after the enactment of the law, the government and the private sector have not yet come to an agreement on what the implementing regulations should include. </p><p>The government initially intended to require companies to spend 5 percent of their profits on CSR programs. </p><p>Maria further said there had been plans to make it compulsory for companies to hand over funding for CSR programs to local authorities, but this had been eliminated from the draft — a move that would please companies. </p><p>“We are still negotiating with the government… Because we are the ones who know what people in our surrounding communities need,” Indonesian Employers Association (Apindo) chairman Sofjan Wanandi said on the sidelines of a seminar on CSR in Jakarta.</p><p>Maria, who is also the program coordinator of an MBA program on CSR in Trisakti, agreed.</p><p>“Some companies may wash their hands of their CSR programs by saying local governments are responsible for implementing programs. </p><p>And when the government fails to implement them, local communities will start protesting about<br />companies’ lack of concern for social and environmental issues,” she said.</p><p>Wednesday’s seminar heard a presentation from a confederation of Norwegian enterprises (NHO) on how CSR programs are implemented in Norway.</p><p>NHO assistant director Vidar Lindefjeld said companies should focus on making their businesses corruption-free and sustainable, and on upholding basic human rights, employee welfare and environmental concerns.</p><p>“At the end of the day, the market will choose companies that are doing well ... over those who do a lot of community development programs but which are corrupt or employ child labor,” Vidar said. (adh)</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5223343201132751190.post-48773288490083842492009-12-20T11:10:00.000-08:002009-12-20T20:17:41.582-08:00CSR BERTANGGUNGJAWAB ATAS DAMPAK EKONOMI DAN SOSIAL<meta equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 12"><meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 12"><link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CVGN-CR%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml"><link rel="themeData" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CVGN-CR%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_themedata.thmx"><link rel="colorSchemeMapping" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CVGN-CR%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_colorschememapping.xml"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:trackmoves/> <w:trackformatting/> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:donotpromoteqf/> <w:lidthemeother>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:lidthemeasian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:lidthemecomplexscript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:compatibility> <w:breakwrappedtables/> <w:snaptogridincell/> <w:wraptextwithpunct/> <w:useasianbreakrules/> <w:dontgrowautofit/> <w:splitpgbreakandparamark/> <w:dontvertaligncellwithsp/> <w:dontbreakconstrainedforcedtables/> <w:dontvertalignintxbx/> <w:word11kerningpairs/> <w:cachedcolbalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:browserlevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathpr> <m:mathfont val="Cambria Math"> <m:brkbin val="before"> <m:brkbinsub val="--"> <m:smallfrac val="off"> <m:dispdef/> <m:lmargin val="0"> <m:rmargin val="0"> <m:defjc val="centerGroup"> <m:wrapindent val="1440"> <m:intlim val="subSup"> <m:narylim val="undOvr"> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:latentstyles deflockedstate="false" defunhidewhenused="true" defsemihidden="true" defqformat="false" defpriority="99" latentstylecount="267"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="0" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Normal"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="heading 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 7"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 8"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 9"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 7"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 8"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 9"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="35" qformat="true" name="caption"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="10" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Title"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="1" name="Default Paragraph Font"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="11" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Subtitle"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="22" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Strong"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="20" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Emphasis"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="59" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Table Grid"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Placeholder Text"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="1" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="No Spacing"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Revision"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="34" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="List Paragraph"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="29" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Quote"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="30" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Intense Quote"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="19" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Subtle Emphasis"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="21" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Intense Emphasis"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="31" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Subtle Reference"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="32" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Intense Reference"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="33" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Book Title"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="37" name="Bibliography"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" qformat="true" name="TOC Heading"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:"Cambria Math"; panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1107304683 0 0 159 0;} @font-face {font-family:Calibri; panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:swiss; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1073750139 0 0 159 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-unhide:no; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; line-height:150%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;} .MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; mso-default-props:yes; font-size:12.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} .MsoPapDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; text-align:justify; line-height:150%;} @page Section1 {size:8.5in 11.0in; margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in; mso-header-margin:.5in; mso-footer-margin:.5in; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; line-height:150%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--><table class="contentpaneopen"><tbody><tr><td class="contentheading" width="100%">
<br /></td> </tr> <tr valign="top"><td valign="top"><table class="artinfo_block" width="100%"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td valign="middle"> <span class="createdate"> <span style=";font-family:georgia;font-size:85%;" >Wednesday, 16 December 2009 10:47 </span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left; line-height: normal;font-family:georgia;" align="left"><span style="font-size:85%;">
<br /></span></p><span style=";font-family:georgia;font-size:100%;" >http://news.id.finroll.com/ekonomi/ekonomiakeuangan/189344-crs-bertanggungjawab-atas-dampak-ekonomi-dan-sosial.html
<br />
<br /></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left; line-height: normal;font-family:georgia;" align="left"><span style="font-size:100%;">
<br /><o:p></o:p></span></p> <span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: arial;font-family:";font-size:100%;" >Sorowako, Sulsel, 16/12 (Antara/FINROLL News) -
<br />CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) merupakan keputusan strategis yang menyeluruh dan bertanggung jawab atas dampak ekonomi maupun sosial yang ditimbulkan perusahaan kepada para pemangku kepentingannya (stakeholders).
<br />
<br />Baik itu internal maupun eksternal beserta lingkungan tempat perusahaan atau organisasi tersebut berada, kata instruktur CRS dari Universitas Trisaksi Jakarta, Maria R. Nindita Radyati, Phd (Cand) yang sedang melakukan pelatihan CRS di Perusahaan tambang nikel PT Inco di Sorowako, Kabupaten Luwu Timur, Sulawesi Selatan, Rabu.
<br />
<br />Di Indonesia saat ini, pemahaman atas tanggung jawab sosial (CSR) pada umumnya masih sebatas "charity, philanthropy dan community development (comdev)". Bahkan di banyak perusahaan kebijakan tanggung jawab sosial dibebankan kepada Departemen Humas.
<br />
<br />Untuk meningkatkan pemahaman, wawasan, keterampilan dalam bidang CSR, Inco bekerjasama dengan Pascasarjana Universitas Trisakti-Program Magister Manajemen CSR menggelar pelatihan CSR bersertifikat di Sorowako, yang dimulai pekan ini hingga pertengahan 2010.
<br />
<br />"Kami berharap kepada program MM CSR Trisakti ini dapat memberikan ilmu yang benar tentang CSR, sekaligus memperluas jaringan dan inspirasi tentang implementasi CSR yang baik," ujar Manager Regional Government Relations and Communication PT Inco, Tri Rahman Batara pada pembukaan pelatihan CSR.
<br />
<br />Pelatihan CSR antara lain diikuti para staf Departemen External Relations, Utilities, Rumah Sakit PT Inco, Provincial External Relations (Makassar), Karebbe Project, serta Bahodopi dan Pomala Project.
<br />
<br />Menurut Maria R. Nindita Radyati, Phd (Cand), Program Koordinator MM-CSR, Universitas Trisakti adalah pionir di Indonesia yang menyelenggarakan program Strata-Dua (S2) dengan memberikan pendidikan filosofi yang benar mengenai CSR dilengkapi dengan kasus-kasus nyata CSR di Indonesia.
<br />
<br />"Kami sangat mendukung program kerja sama dengan Inco karena ini bisa menjadi salah satu upaya kami memberikan yang terbaik untuk mewujudkan CSR yang benar. Dalam artian mulai dari mengetahui, memahami, menyakini dan akhirnya melakukan implementasinya," ujar Maria.
<br />
<br />Materi pelatihan dalam CSR training ini antara lain CSR and Sustainability Basic, Case Study about CSR, CSR Stakeholders Theory, CSR Visioning and Goal Setting, Community Development Practices and Hints, Social Entrepreneurship and Local Wisdom, dan CSR Leadership.
<br />
<br />"Dalam pelatihan ini kami juga akan mengundang Profesor dan ahli CSR dari luar negeri yang sudah berpengalaman, baik secara teori mapun praktik CSR. Itu semua untuk memberi kecakapan pengetahuan yang keterampilan dalam mewujudkan CSR yang terbaik. Karena CSR yang baik antara lain dapat meningkatkan citra dan reputasi suatu perusahaan," ujar Maria.
<br />
<br />Selain Maria, nara sumber dalam pelatihan ini antara lain adalah Ir Emil Sumirat MBA, yang membawakan materi tools (alat) untuk CSR, dan Silverius Oscar Unggul, praktisi CSR yang telah mendapat penghargaan Social Entrepreneur of the Year dari Ernest & Young tahun 2008 dan juga sebagai ?Young Global Leader? dari World Economic Forum.
<br />
<br />Silverius Oscar Unggul, antara lain berhasil membidani Koperasi Hutan Jaya Lestari di Kabupaten Konawe Selatan, Sulawesi Tenggara sebagai embrio pemberdayaan ekonomi kerakyatan dengan pengelolaan hutan untuk produk-produk kayu dengan sertifikat Forest Stewardship Council (FSC).
<br />
<br />Menurut Silverius, perlu membangun mimpi bersama dalam suatu komunitas yang akan diberdayakan dan kemudian direalisasikan dalam suatu identifikasi satu produk unggulan yang diterima pasar dalam jangka panjang.
<br />
<br />Sementara ini di dunia hanya ada 23 perusahaan atau organisasi yang memperoleh sertifikat FSC untuk kayu yang mereka jual, salah satunya Koperasi Hutan Jaya Lestari. Kalau dulu kayu jati tanpa sertifikat tersebut harganya Rp600.000 per meter kubik, sekarang dengan bersertifikat harga kayunya menjadi Rp6.400.000.
<br />
<br />"Bahkan kini dari Inggris sudah ada tawaran harga kayu yang bersertifikat menjadi sekitar Rp30 juta per meterkubik. Nah ini salah satu bentuk CSR yang tetap menjaga kearifan lokal bahkan meminimalkan penebang liar, sekaligus melestarikan hutan. Saya berharap PT Inco terus meningkatkan program-program CSR yang bisa mengangkat kesejahteraan masyarakat secara berkelanjutan," ujarnya. ***3***(T)</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5223343201132751190.post-81732675868753885452009-12-20T11:04:00.000-08:002009-12-20T20:04:41.393-08:00CSR dan Berbagi Kasih<meta equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 12"><meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 12"><link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CVGN-CR%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml"><link rel="Edit-Time-Data" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CVGN-CR%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_editdata.mso"><!--[if !mso]> <style> v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} </style> <![endif]--><link rel="themeData" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CVGN-CR%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_themedata.thmx"><link rel="colorSchemeMapping" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CVGN-CR%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_colorschememapping.xml"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:trackmoves/> <w:trackformatting/> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:donotpromoteqf/> <w:lidthemeother>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:lidthemeasian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:lidthemecomplexscript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:compatibility> <w:breakwrappedtables/> <w:snaptogridincell/> <w:wraptextwithpunct/> <w:useasianbreakrules/> <w:dontgrowautofit/> <w:splitpgbreakandparamark/> <w:dontvertaligncellwithsp/> <w:dontbreakconstrainedforcedtables/> <w:dontvertalignintxbx/> <w:word11kerningpairs/> <w:cachedcolbalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:browserlevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathpr> <m:mathfont val="Cambria Math"> <m:brkbin val="before"> <m:brkbinsub val="--"> <m:smallfrac val="off"> <m:dispdef/> <m:lmargin val="0"> <m:rmargin val="0"> <m:defjc val="centerGroup"> <m:wrapindent val="1440"> <m:intlim val="subSup"> <m:narylim val="undOvr"> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:latentstyles deflockedstate="false" defunhidewhenused="true" defsemihidden="true" defqformat="false" defpriority="99" latentstylecount="267"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="0" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Normal"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="heading 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 7"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 8"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 9"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 7"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 8"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 9"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="35" qformat="true" name="caption"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="10" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Title"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="1" name="Default Paragraph Font"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="11" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Subtitle"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="22" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Strong"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="20" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Emphasis"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="59" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Table Grid"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Placeholder Text"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="1" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="No Spacing"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Revision"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="34" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="List Paragraph"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="29" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Quote"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="30" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Intense Quote"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="19" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Subtle Emphasis"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="21" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Intense Emphasis"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="31" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Subtle Reference"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="32" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Intense Reference"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="33" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Book Title"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="37" name="Bibliography"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" qformat="true" name="TOC Heading"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:"Cambria Math"; panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1107304683 0 0 159 0;} @font-face {font-family:Calibri; panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:swiss; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1073750139 0 0 159 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-unhide:no; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; line-height:150%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;} p {mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-margin-top-alt:auto; margin-right:0in; mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; margin-left:0in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} .MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; mso-default-props:yes; font-size:12.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} .MsoPapDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; text-align:justify; line-height:150%;} @page Section1 {size:8.5in 11.0in; margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in; mso-header-margin:.5in; mso-footer-margin:.5in; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; line-height:150%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapedefaults ext="edit" spidmax="1027"> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapelayout ext="edit"> <o:idmap ext="edit" data="1"> </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--><meta equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 12"><meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 12"><link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CVGN-CR%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml"><link rel="Edit-Time-Data" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CVGN-CR%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_editdata.mso"><!--[if !mso]> <style> v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} </style> <![endif]--><link rel="themeData" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CVGN-CR%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_themedata.thmx"><link rel="colorSchemeMapping" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CVGN-CR%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_colorschememapping.xml"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:worddocument> <w:view>Normal</w:View> <w:zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:trackmoves>false</w:TrackMoves> <w:trackformatting/> <w:punctuationkerning/> <w:validateagainstschemas/> <w:saveifxmlinvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:ignoremixedcontent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:donotpromoteqf/> <w:lidthemeother>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:lidthemeasian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:lidthemecomplexscript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:compatibility> <w:breakwrappedtables/> <w:snaptogridincell/> <w:wraptextwithpunct/> <w:useasianbreakrules/> <w:dontgrowautofit/> <w:splitpgbreakandparamark/> <w:dontvertaligncellwithsp/> <w:dontbreakconstrainedforcedtables/> <w:dontvertalignintxbx/> <w:word11kerningpairs/> <w:cachedcolbalance/> </w:Compatibility> <w:browserlevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> <m:mathpr> <m:mathfont val="Cambria Math"> <m:brkbin val="before"> <m:brkbinsub val="--"> <m:smallfrac val="off"> <m:dispdef/> <m:lmargin val="0"> <m:rmargin val="0"> <m:defjc val="centerGroup"> <m:wrapindent val="1440"> <m:intlim val="subSup"> <m:narylim val="undOvr"> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:latentstyles deflockedstate="false" defunhidewhenused="true" defsemihidden="true" defqformat="false" defpriority="99" latentstylecount="267"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="0" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Normal"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="heading 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 7"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 8"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 9"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 7"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 8"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 9"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="35" qformat="true" name="caption"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="10" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Title"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="1" name="Default Paragraph Font"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="11" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Subtitle"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="22" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Strong"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="20" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Emphasis"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="59" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Table Grid"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Placeholder Text"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="1" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="No Spacing"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Revision"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="34" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="List Paragraph"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="29" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Quote"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="30" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Intense Quote"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="19" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Subtle Emphasis"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="21" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Intense Emphasis"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="31" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Subtle Reference"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="32" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Intense Reference"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="33" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Book Title"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="37" name="Bibliography"> <w:lsdexception locked="false" priority="39" qformat="true" name="TOC Heading"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:"Cambria Math"; panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1107304683 0 0 159 0;} @font-face {font-family:Calibri; panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:swiss; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1073750139 0 0 159 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-unhide:no; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; line-height:150%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language:EN-AU;} h1 {mso-style-priority:9; mso-style-unhide:no; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-link:"Heading 1 Char"; mso-margin-top-alt:auto; margin-right:0in; mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; margin-left:0in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; mso-outline-level:1; font-size:24.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; font-weight:bold;} p {mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-margin-top-alt:auto; margin-right:0in; mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; margin-left:0in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} span.Heading1Char {mso-style-name:"Heading 1 Char"; mso-style-priority:9; mso-style-unhide:no; mso-style-locked:yes; mso-style-link:"Heading 1"; mso-ansi-font-size:24.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:24.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning:18.0pt; font-weight:bold;} .MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; mso-default-props:yes; font-size:12.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} .MsoPapDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; text-align:justify; line-height:150%;} @page Section1 {size:8.5in 11.0in; margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in; mso-header-margin:.5in; mso-footer-margin:.5in; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:justify; line-height:150%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} </style> <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapedefaults ext="edit" spidmax="1027"> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapelayout ext="edit"> <o:idmap ext="edit" data="1"> </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--> <h1>CSR dan Berbagi Kasih</h1> <p><b>http://www.suarapembaruan.com/News/2008/03/25/Editor/edit02.htm<o:p></o:p></b></p> <p><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" spt="75" preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"> </v:formulas> <v:path extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" connecttype="rect"> <o:lock ext="edit" aspectratio="t"> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_2" spid="_x0000_s1026" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://www.suarapembaruan.com/News/2008/03/25/Editor/marianin.gif" style="'position:absolute;margin-left:0;margin-top:0;width:63pt;height:84.75pt;" allowoverlap="f"> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\VGN-CR~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif" title="marianin"> <w:wrap type="square" anchory="line"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--><b>Maria Nindita Radyati</b></p> <p>Hampir semua perusahaan kini berusaha menjalankan bisnis yang bertanggung jawab terhadap lingkungan dan masyarakat, terutama sejak disahkannya UU PT yang baru pada 2007, yang mewajibkan semua perusahaan melakukan kegiatan tangung-jawab sosial. Sebagian besar perusahaan masih melakukan CSR (<i>corporate social responsibility</i>) hanya sebatas filantrofi /kedermawanan. Hal ini terutama dipicu pemahaman mereka mengenai CSR masih sebatas itu. Padahal, melaksanakan CSR yang benar berarti perusahaan bertangung-jawab atas dampak yang dihasilkan oleh bisnisnya terhadap aspek ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan. Selain itu, yang lebih penting adalah esensi bahwa CSR harus <i>beyond compliance to law</i> atau melampaui apa yang diwajibkan oleh peraturan-peraturan atau hukum-hukum yang berlaku. </p> <p>Pada hakikatnya CSR adalah bagaimana perusahaan berusaha berbagi kasih kepada sesama. Oleh sebab itu, arti dari kasih dalam konteks ini harus dirumuskan terlebih dahulu, yakni memperlakukan sesama kita seperti bagaimana kita ingin diperlakukan. Sekarang siapakah yang dimaksud dengan sesama kita? Maka sesama dalam konteks ini dapat disebut sebagai para <i>stakeholders</i> (pemangku kepentingan) yang dibedakan menjadi dua, yakni <i>internal</i> <i>stakeholders </i>dan <i>external</i> <i>stakeholders</i>. <i>Internal stakeholders</i> adalah karyawan dan seluruh anggota perusahaan, sedang <i>external stakeholders</i> adalah semua pihak yang berkepentingan dan terkena dampak dari usaha perusahaan. Contohnya, suplier, komunitas sekitar lokasi perusahaan berada, seluruh konsumen, pemerintah, dan para pesaing.</p> <p>Jika perusahaan ingin menjalankan usaha yang <i>sustain</i>, atau berkelanjutan, maka tentunya perusahaan ingin agar seluruh karyawannya berdedikasi dan bekerja dengan loyalitas tinggi. Untuk itu, perusahaan harus mempunyai kebijakan sistem upah, jenjang karier, dan kesejahteraan karyawan yang baik. </p> <p>Jika perusahaan ingin agar produknya terus-menerus dibeli oleh konsumen, maka sebaiknya kegiatan pemasaran maupun iklan-iklannya tidak merugikan pihak-pihak tertentu dan tidak mengeskploitasi anak maupun gender. Produknya juga harus aman bagi kesehatan, misalnya, tidak mengandung bahan kimia terlarang dan bebas dari segala jamur. </p> <p>Ketersediaan bahan baku juga penting bagi keberlangsungan perusahaan. Oleh sebab itu, perusahaan harus mempersiapkan cadangan bahan bakunya, misalnya, dengan menanam kembali pohon yang sudah ditebang untuk bahan produksi. Contoh lain, perusahaan harus mereproduksi kembali bahan mentah yang dipergunakan, misalnya, dengan mengajarkan petani untuk menanam kedelai agar tidak bergantung pada impor kedelai. Dengan ini dapat ditingkatkan ekonomi masyarakat dan memampukan mereka untuk menjadi pemasok bahan baku dan memberikan pengetahuan tentang cara bertani yang benar. </p> <p>Sampah dari kegiatan produksi harus didaur ulang untuk menjaga kelestarian lingkungan. Selain itu, produk-produk yang sudah habis masa ekonomisnya, atau bekas pakai, sebaiknya dapat diproses ulang oleh perusahaan agar dapat dipergunakan sebagai bahan baku lagi. Hasil penelitian banyak menunjukkan bahwa biaya mendaur ulang produk bekas untuk menjadi bahan baku lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan membuat bahan baku dari komponen-komponen bahan mentah.</p> <p><b>Izin Operasi</b></p> <p>Untuk meperoleh izin beroperasi di suatu daerah, misalnya, melakukan eksplorasi sumber daya alam, perusahaan harus memperhatikan kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitar lokasinya. Mereka harus mampu menilai apa kebutuhan masyarakat sekitar, sehingga usaha CSR yang dilakukan tepat sasaran, dengan tujuan utama memampukan masyarakat untuk hidup mandiri secara ekonomi meski jika perusahaan sudah habis masa operasinya di daerah tersebut. Akan sangat menyedihkan jika perusahaan dapat menduduki peringkat lima teratas di dunia sebagai penghasil keuntungan terbesar, tetapi masyarakat sekitar perusahaan sangat miskin.</p> <p>Jadi, CSR bukan sekadar kegiatan <i>public relations</i> atau humas. CSR merupakan keputusan strategis yang harus dibuat oleh semua pihak dalam perusahaan. Mulai dari bagian produksi, keuangan, akutansi, pemasaran, sampai dengan sumber daya manusia. Dari pemilihan bahan baku sampai dengan pengolahan limbah harus didesain untuk tidak merusak lingkungan hidup, karena lingkungan yang sehat dan potensial untuk sumber bahan baku penting bagi generasi yang akan datang.</p> <p>Pemilik perusahaan dan atau CEO harus mempunyai kesadaran akan arti sesungguhnya CSR. Jika mereka yang punya posisi penting dalam struktur organisasi perusahaan sudah memahami betul esensi CSR maka komitmen mereka akan terwujud dalam bentuk alokasi dana untuk kegiatan CSR. </p> <p>Melalui kegiatan CSR perusahaan peduli terhadap lingkungan sosial dan lingkungan hidup. Dimulai dari diri sendiri yang peduli terhadap lingkungan, maka masing-masing individu dapat menjalanakan <i>individu social responsibility</i>. Semangat untuk melaksanakan tanggung jawab sosial harus dimulai dari individu pemilik perusahaan atau siapapun yang ingin menjadi <i>change agent</i> (agen perubahan) di tempatnya berkarya. </p> <p>Dalam skala besar, perusahaan yang melalui kegiatan CSR berusaha memperlakukan sesama seperti "diri"-nya ingin diperlakukan, berarti perusahaan telah menjadikan CSR sebagai sarana berbagi kasih, tetapi bukan sekadar berbagi "tanda kasih".</p> <p style="font-weight: bold;">Penulis adalah Program Director CECT-Usakti dan Koordinator Program MM-CSR di Universitas Trisakti </p> Unknownnoreply@blogger.com